This can be done either through the use of insecticides, brown plant hopperresistant varieties, or synchronized crop establishment. Pdf the proteins encoded by rice grassy stunt virus rna5 and. Pdf rice grassy stunt virus rgsv, irri isolate has six genomic rna segments. Molecular diversity of rice grassy stunt virus in vietnam.
Rice stripe virus, rice blackstreaked dwarf virus, rice ragged stunt virus, rice grassy stunt. Growing resistant varieties is the most efficient method to control rgsv. The complete nucleotide sequence of the rice grassy stunt virus. The leaves are short, narrow, palegreen or paleyellow. Rice ragged stunt virus rrsv is a plant pathogenic virus of the family reoviridae rrsv, vectored by the brown planthopper bph delphacidae. The disease was caused by a virus transmitted by the brown leafhopper, nilaparvata lugens. Defense and counterdefense in ricevirus interactions. In this study, we screened a rice cdna library with the gal4based yeast twohybrid system using rgsv p5 as the bait. Identification and characterization of bph14, a gene conferring resistance to brown planthopper in rice bo dua,1. Immune electron microscopy and the dipping method were used in studies in thailand to examine rice plants infected with an unknown disease that were collected from several sites. The use of rice varieties that were susceptible to n. Diseased hills are severely stunted with excessive tillering and a very upright growth habit diseased hills has a grassy. Nymph and adult stage plant hoppers are common vectors for rice grassy stunt.
Grassy stunt resistant varieties ir 28, ir 29 and ir 30 were released for cultivation in 1974. Insect vectors and their pathogens of maize in the tropics. Pathogen two morphologically unrelated viruses present in phloem cells. Hopper burn symptoms grassy stunt virus disease by bph adult and nymph damaged plant etl. Rice virus disease causes severe disease of rice in china and many other east asia countries nicaise 2014. Although the symptoms resemble those of rice yellow dwarf virus, the vector and incubation period of grassy stunt suggest that the viruses are distinct. In asia five rice viruses are transmitted mainly by three planthopper species in a persistent manner. Application of virusderived small interfering rnas. The nonstructural protein pc6 encoded by rice grassy stunt virus rgsv plays a significant role in viral celltocell movement, presumably by transport through plasmodesmata pd. The rice grassy stunt tenuivirus rgsv, rice hoja blanca tenuivirus rhbv, rice ragged stunt phytoreovirus rrsv, rice wilted stunt virus rwsv a relative of rice grassy stunt tenuivirus rgsv, rice stripe tenuivirus rsv, rice black streaked dwarf fijivirus rbsdv are plant hopper borne, while rice bunchy stunt. Infected stubble needs to be plowed under after harvest to reduce the virus. Antiserum to rice grassy stunt virus did not react with rice stripe virus. In the tropics, grassy stunt and bph are generally endemic in areas where rice. Recent progress on gene silencingsuppression by virus.
Targeting of rice grassy stunt virus pc6 protein to. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv, tenuivirus recently emerged on rice in vietnam, causing high yield losses during 20062009. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv is a tenuivirus posing a threat to rice production in many south, southeast, and east asian countries. It flies from grassy stuntaffected fields to newly planted rice fields in distant areas and disperses rgsv, as well as another bphborne virus, rice ragged stunt virus rrsv. The first example of transfer of a useful gene from wild species is the introgression of a gene for grassy stunt virus resistance from o. Several new methods of propagating rice have been developed which allow rice.
It has fine filamentous particles, which are 68 nm in diameter. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv rice ragged stunt virus rrsv mixed infections common same vector nilaparvata lugens the brown plant hopper hosts oryza spp. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv is a plant pathogenic virus transmitted by the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, and two other nilaparvata species. This study aimed to determine the presence of rice stunt virus. This information is part of a full datasheet available in the crop protection. Both rice blackstreaked dwarf shikata, 1974 and rice gall dwarf omura et al. Rice diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation. Scientists found one wild relative of the rice plant in india that was resistant to the grassy stunt virus, and today hybrid rice. Nilaparvata lugens, causes ragged stunt disease of rice oryza spp. Expression levels of the nac gene family were studied in rice infected with rice dwarf virus rdv, rice blackstreaked dwarf virus rbsdv, rice grassy stunt virus rgsv, rice ragged stunt virus rrsv, and rice transitory yellowing virus. Infection route of rice grassy stunt virus, a tenuivirus. Nac transcription factor family genes are differentially. The genetic diversity of rgsv is poorly documented.
The 15 known viruses that occur in rice are rice blackstreaked dwarf, rice bunchy stunt, rice dwarf, rice gall dwarf, rice giallume, rice grassy stunt, rice hoja blanca, rice necrosis mosaic, rice ragged stunt, rice stripe necrosis, rice stripe, rice transitory yellowing, rice tungro bacilliform, rice tungro spherical, and rice. Xiong g 1, liu x 1, qiu p 1, wu x 1, du z2, zhang j 1, yang l 1, wu z3. Grassy stunt disease of rice caused by rice grassy stunt virus rgsv is one of the severe virus diseases of rice in several southeast asian countries shikata et al. In this study, immunofluorescence microscopy was used to investigate the infection route of rgsv in the internal organs of bph after acquiring the virus by feeding on rgsvinfected rice plants. Up to now, 17 rice virus diseases have been reported in different areas shikata and kitagawa 1977. The virus is transmitted between plants by insect vectors. Diagnosing rice grassy stunt virus in indonesia using rt. This can be done either through the use of insecticides, brown plant hopper. Targeting of rice grassy stunt virus pc6 protein to plasmodesmata requires the ertogolgi secretory pathway and an actinmyosin viii motility system. The particles have one capsid protein and the genome is made up of four singlestranded rna. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv, a member of the genus tenuivirus.
Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv a member of tenuivirus family, is very potent and destructive which effects rice crop in many countries, particularly china. Negative control samples were obtained from rice plants grown in a greenhouse. Evaluation of rice resistance to southern rice blackstreaked. The virus consists of rice grassy stunt virus rgsv and rice ragged stunt. To control rice grassy stunt virus the brown planthopper vectors need to be managed. Strong resistance against rice grassy stunt virus is. Rice grassy stunt vi rus rgsv is a plant pat hogenic virus transmitted by the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, and two other nilaparvata species, n. The virus, first described by hibino, ling and shikata, is also less commonly known as rice infectious gall virus. Frontiers nac transcription factor family genes are. Rice grassy stunt rice stripe many strains of another tenuivirus, rice grassy stunt virus rgsv, have been found in the philippines miranda et al.
We confirmed the association of pc6 with pd, and also elucidated the mechanisms of protein targeting to pd. Rice ragged stunt virus induced apoptosis affects virus transmission from its insect vector, the brown planthopper to the rice plant. Information about rice ragged stunt virus diagnosis, including distribution and treatment advice. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv is a member of the tenuiviruses. Mstv is a member of newly recognized tenuivirus group which includes rice stripe virus rsv, rice joja blanca virus rhbv, rice grassy stunt virus rgsv and european wheat striate mosaic virus. Grassy stunt virus tamil nadu agricultural university.
For example only in south vietnam in the 200607, rice ragged stunt virus rrsv and rice grassy stunt virus rgsv infected 0. The leaves are short, narrow, palegreen or paleyellow and often have numerous darkbrown or rustcoloured spots of various shapes and sizes, which may form blotches. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv causes a destructive disease of rice oryza sativa l. Rice is considered to be a semiaquatic annual grass and is commonly grown in paddies in wetlands or under shallow water. Pdf the genome of rice grassy stunt virus rgsv consists of six rna segments. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv, a tenuivirus, is transmitted by the brown planthopper bph, nilaparvata lugens hemiptera, delphacidae, in a persistentpropagative manner.
Identification and characterization of bph14, a gene. Bacterial and viral diseases of rice linkedin slideshare. Rice is the most important crop in asia and provides staple food for half of the worlds population. Rice ragged stunt virusinduced apoptosis affects virus. New rice grassy stunt virus gsv strain in thailand. Rice blackstreaked dwarf virus, rice grassy stunt virus, rice ragged stunt virus, and rice transitory yellowing virus. To date, no host factor interacting with rgsv has been reported. In the 1970s, a pathogen called the grassy stunt virus greatly decreased cultivated rice plant populations. Rice grassy stunt virus reduces yields by inhibiting panicle production.
Plant virus disease problems in the developing world. General information about rice grassy stunt tenuivirus rwsv00 this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. The proteins encoded by rice grassy stunt virus rna5. Detection and analysis of protein profile on rice infected by. The bph damages rice plants by feeding on sap from phloem and xylem, and transmitting viruses such as rice grassy stunt virus and rice ragged stunt virus wei and li, 2016. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv a member of tenuivirus family, is very. Grassy stunt disease of rice and its transmission by the. Information about rice grassy stunt virus diagnosis, including distribution and. Rice grassy stunt caused by rice grassy stunt virus, a member of tenuivirus it is transmitted by bph symptoms. In sdsimmunodiffusion tests with antiserum to rice stripe virus, rice grassy stunt virus formed a single band of precipitate, and a spur formed between this band and that produced by rice stripe virus hibino et al. Rice tungro bacilliform virus rtbv bacilliform capsid, circular ds dna genome and rice tungro spherical virus rtsv isometric.
Symptoms of the disease, which occurred in the philippines and elsewhere, include twisted leaves, delay in flowering, production of nodal branches, incomplete emergence of panicles and panicles bearing mostly unfilled grains. Rice grassy stunt virus strain 1 plants infected by rice grassy stunt virus strain 1 rgsv1 show severe stunting, excessive tillering and an erect growth habit. To confirm rice grassy stunt check for the presence of the brown planthopper vector, vein swelling and dark green color of leaves as well as severe stunting. Rice grassy stunt virus affects rice crops in areas where continuous and yearround rice growing is practiced. Detection and analysis of protein profile on rice infected. Rice grassy stunt virus rgsv, a member of the genus tenuivirus, causes significant economic losses in rice production in south, southeast, and east asian countries. This virus can infect barley, rye, oats, wheat and triticale under experimental conditions, 17,75. The virus consists of rice grassy stunt virus rgsv and rice ragged stunt virus rrsv that is transmitted by brown planthopper wbc in a persistent propagative manner. Rice grassy stunt virus p5 interacts with two protein. Some of this information has been noticed 45, 111e.
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